How can victim impact statements influence sentencing?

Victim impact statements play a significant role in the sentencing phase of a criminal trial by offering the judge valuable insight into how the crime has affected the victim and their family. These statements allow victims to express the emotional, physical, and financial impact that the offense has had on their lives. By presenting this personal perspective, the court can better understand the broader implications of the crime beyond the legal parameters.

This information can influence the judge’s decision on what constitutes an appropriate punishment, as it highlights the human side of the legal proceedings. Judges often weigh the impact of the crime on the victim to ensure that the sentence not only serves justice but also reflects the severity of the offense as experienced by those affected. Thus, the significance of the victim's experience can be a crucial factor in determining the final outcome of a sentencing hearing.

In comparison, the other options do not accurately reflect the role of victim impact statements in sentencing. They do not have a solely negligible impact, they are not legally required for sentencing, and they are not limited to plea bargain negotiations. Instead, they provide vital context that can inform and shape judicial decisions.