What is an "arraignment" in criminal law?

An arraignment is a crucial stage in the criminal justice process where the defendant is formally presented with the charges against them and has the opportunity to enter a plea. During this hearing, the court outlines the specifics of the charges, ensuring that the defendant understands the nature of the allegations. The defendant typically responds by pleading guilty, not guilty, or no contest. This process is significant as it sets the stage for the subsequent phases of the case, including any future hearings or trial dates.

The other options refer to different aspects of criminal proceedings. The trial phase, for instance, is where evidence is presented and witnesses may testify, which occurs much later in the process. Final sentencing happens only after a conviction or a plea deal is reached, which is not part of the arraignment itself. Appeals come into play after a conviction has been rendered, allowing the defendant to contest the verdict, but again, this is distinct from the arraignment stage.