What is the primary purpose of "discovery" in criminal trials?

The primary purpose of "discovery" in criminal trials is to facilitate the exchange of information between the parties involved, primarily the prosecution and the defense. This process is essential for promoting fairness and ensuring that both sides have access to the evidence and information that will be presented during the trial. By allowing each party to understand the evidence and arguments the other intends to use, discovery helps to prevent surprises in court and supports the defendant's right to a fair trial.

This exchange of information can include witness lists, statements, expert reports, and other relevant documents that may impact the case. It also allows for the possibility of pre-trial motions and negotiations, potentially leading to resolution without the need for a trial. Overall, the discovery process is a critical component of the adversarial system, safeguarding the rights of the accused while promoting the integrity of the judicial process.